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¹ß Çà 2020³â 9¿ù 29ÀÏ
Àú ÀÚ Christine Thomson, Caroline Hahn
¿ª ÀÚ ¾Èµ¿Ãá, À̼ºÁØ
ISBN 9788993439809

ÆäÀÌÁö 183



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Á¦1Àå ±¹¼Ò½Å°æÇغÎÇÐ(Regional neuroanatomy) 1
½Å°æ°èÅë ±âº» °èÅë ±¸¼º(Basic systems arrangement of the nervous system) 1
±¸¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³¿ä(Introduction to region) 1
   ¸»ÃʽŰæ°èÅë(Peripheral nervous system) 1
   ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°èÅë(Autonomic nervous system) 4
   ÁßÃ߽Űæ°èÅë(Central nervous system) 4
±â´ÉÀû °èÅë: ½Å°æ°Ë»ç °³¿ä(Functional systems:introduction to the neurological examination) 9
½Å°æÇغÎÇаú º´º¯ À§Ä¡ °áÁ¤(Neuroanatomy and lesion localization) 9


Á¦2Àå ½Å°æ¹ß»ýÇÐ(Neuroembryology) 11
ÁßÃ߽Űæ°èÅë ¹ß´Þ(Development of the CNS) 11
  ½Å°æ°ü Çü¼º(Formation of the neural tube) 11
  ³ú ¹ß´Þ(Development of the brain) 11
  ºÐÈ­ °ü·Ã ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐÀû ±âÃÊ(Molecular basis of differentiation) 13
¸»ÃʽŰæ°èÅë Çü¼º(Formation of the PNS) 14
½Å°æ°èÅë ±âÇü(Malformations of the nervous system) 14


Á¦3Àå ½Å°æÁ¶Á÷ÇÐ, ½Å°æ»ý¸®ÇÐ, ½Å°æÁöÁö ±¸Á¶
(Neurohistology, physiology and supporting structures) 17
½Å°æÁ¶Á÷ÇÐ(Neurohistology) 17
  ½Å°æ°èÅë ¼¼Æ÷(Cells of the nervous system) 17
  ¿¬Á¢(Synapses) 19
½Å°æ»ý¸®ÇÐ(Neurophysiology) 20
  ÈïºÐ¼º ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¸·ÀüÀ§(Membrane potential of excitable cells) 20
  È°µ¿ÀüÀ§(Action potential) 21
  ¸»ÀÌÁýÇü¼º°ú ½Å°æÀüµµ(Myelination and nerve conduction) 21
  ¿¬Á¢(Synapses) 21
  ÈïºÐ¼º ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú°ú ¾ïÁ¦¼º ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú(Excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters) 21
  ÀϹÝÈ­ ÇÑ ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷(The generalized neuron) 22
  ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ ³» Á¤º¸Ã³¸®¿Í ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ °£ Á¤º¸Ã³¸®(Information processing within and between neurons) 22
ÁöÁö±¸Á¶(Supporting structures) 23
  ³úô¼ö¸·(Meninges) 23
  ³ú½Ç°èÅë(Ventricular system) 23
  ³úô¼ö¾×: »ý»ê°ú ¼øȯ(Cerebrospinal fluid: production and circulation) 23
  Ç÷¾× °ø±Þ(Blood supply) 24


Á¦4Àå ½Å°æ°èÅë °èÃþ ±¸¼º(Hierarchical organization in nervous system) 31
¿îµ¿°èÅë°ú °¨°¢°èÅë °³¿ä(Overview of motor and sensory system) 31

  ¿îµ¿°èÅë °³¿ä(Overview of motor (output) systems) 31
  °¨°¢°èÅë °³¿ä(Overview of sensory (input) systems) 33
  ³ëµ¿ÀÚ¿Í °ü¸®ÀÚ °èÅë(Workers and management systems) 33
³ëµ¿ÀÚ¿Í À¯Áö ÀηÂ: ¹Ý»ç±Ã(Workers and maintenance crew: The reflex arc) 34
ÇÏÀ§°ü¸®ÀÚ : ô¼ö¿Í ³úÁÙ±â(Junior management: Spinal cord and brainstem) 35
  ô¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °³¿ä(Overview of the spinal cord) 35
»óÀ§°ü¸®ÀÚ : ³úÁÙ±â¿Í ¿îµ¿°ÑÁú(Senior management: Brainstem and motor cortex) 42
  »óÀ§¿îµ¿½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷¿Í ³ú(UMNs and the brain) 42
  °¨°¢°èÅë(Sensory systems) 45
°íÀ§°ü¸®ÀÚ : ¾Õ³ú(Executive management: Forebrain)45


Á¦5Àå ¹Ý»ç¿Í ¿îµ¿°èÅë(Reflexes and motor systems) 47
ÃÑ·Ð(General introduction) 47
ô¼ö¹Ý»ç(Spinal reflexes) 48
  ±ÙÀ°¹æÃß(Muscle spindle) 48
  ±ÙÀ°´ÃÀӹݻç(Myotatic reflex) 48
  °ñÁöÈûÁÙ±â°ü°ú ¿ª±ÙÀ°´ÃÀӹݻç(Golgi tendon organs and inverse myotatic reflex) 49
  ¥á-¥ã µ¿½Ã È°¼ºÈ­(¥á-¥ã co-activation) 49
  ±ÙÀ°±äÀå(Muscle tone) 49
  ÀÚ¼¼¿Í ±ÙÀ°´ÃÀӹݻç(Posture and myotatic reflex) 50
  ½Åü ¿©·¯ ºÎÀ§ ¹Ý»ç(Reflex in different part of the body) 51
¸ö¿îµ¿°èÅë(Somatic motor system) 51
  ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÇØºÎ¿Í ±â´É(General anatomy and function) 51
  »óÀ§¿îµ¿½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷: ÇǶó¹Ìµå°èÅë°ú ÇǶó¹Ìµå¹Ù±ù°èÅë(UMN: Pyramidal and extrapyramidal system) 51
  »óÀ§¿îµ¿½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ ½Å°æ·Î(UMN tracts) 53
  UMN°ú LMN ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö(Dysfunction of UMNs and LMNs) 55
  UMN Áõ»ó°ú LMN Áõ»ó ºñ±³(UMN versus LMN signs) 55
  °íÀ§°ü¸®ÀÚ ¿îµ¿±â´É(Executive motor function) 56
  ¹Ù´ÚÇÙ°ú ÁÙ¹«´Ìü(Basal nuclei and corpus striatum) 57


Á¦6Àå ¿À¸§¸öµé°¨°¢·Î(»óÇàü¼º½Å°æ·Î)¿Í ÀǽÄÀû °¨°¢°èÅë
(Ascending somatic sensory tracts and conscious sensory systems) 59

¼ö¿ë±â(¼ö¿ëü, Receptors) 59
°íÀ¯°¨°¢ ÃÑ·Ð(General proprioception) 59
  ÀǽÄÀû °íÀ¯°¨°¢(Conscious proprioception) 61
  ÀáÀçÀǽÄÀû °íÀ¯°¨°¢(Subconscious proprioception) 61
  ÀÚ¼¼¿Í º¸Çà¿¡¼­ ÀǽÄÀû °íÀ¯°¨°¢°ú ÀáÀçÀǽÄÀû °íÀ¯°¨°¢(Conscious and subconscious
  proprioception in posture and gait) 62

Åë°¢(Nociception) 63
  ¸ñ, ¸öÅë, ´Ù¸®, ²¿¸®¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â ÅëÁõ(Nociceptive input from neck, trunk, limbs and tail) 64
  ¸Ó¸®¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â ÅëÁõ(Nocieptive input from head) 65
  ³»Àå¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â ÅëÁõ(Nociceptive input from the viscera) 66


Á¦7Àå ¼Ò³ú(The cerebellum) 67
ÇغÎÇÐ(General anatomy) 67
  ¼Ò³ú´Ù¸®(Cerebellar peduncles) 67
  ÁøÈ­ÇÐÀû¡¤±â´ÉÀû ÇغÎÇÐ(Evolutionary and functional anatomy) 68
  µ¿¹°º° Â÷ÀÌ(Species differences) 69
  ½Å»ý µ¿¹°¿¡¼­ ¼Ò³ú ¹ß´Þ(Cerebellar development in the neonatal animal) 69
  ¼Ò³ú Á¶Á÷ÇÐ(Histology of the cerebellum) 70
¼Ò³ú ±â´É(Cerebellar function) 71
  ¼Ò³ú ¿¬°á(Cerebellar connections) 71
  ÀÚ¼¼, ¿îµ¿, À̵¿, ¿òÁ÷ÀÓ¿¡¼­ ¼Ò³ú ¿ªÇÒ: ÃëÇÒ ÀÚ¼¼ Áöħ ¼³Á¤(Role of cerebellum in posture,
   locomotion and movements: Setting the postural platform) 72
  ¼Ò³ú ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö(Cerebellar dysfunction) 72


Á¦8Àå ¾È¶ã°èÅë(ÀüÁ¤°èÅë)(Vestibular system) 75
ÀÏ¹Ý °³³ä(General concepts) 75
±¸Á¶Àû¡¤±â´ÉÀû ÇغÎÇÐ(Structural and functional anatomy) 76
  ¸Ó¸® °ø°£Àû À§Ä¡, ¼±Çü°¡¼Ó, ¼±Çü°¨¼Ó(Static position, linear acceleration and deceleration of the head) 77
  ¸Ó¸® °¢°¡¼Ó°ú °¢°¨¼Ó(Angular acceleration and deceleration of the head) 77
  ¾È¶ãÇÙ(ÀüÁ¤ÇÙ) ÀÚ±Ø È¿°ú(Effect of stimulating the vestibular nuclei) 77
  ¾È¶ã±â°ü°ú ¸ñ¹Ý»ç(°æºÎ¹Ý»ç) »óÈ£ °ü°è(Relationship between the vestibular apparatus and neck
   reflexes) 80
ÀÓ»óÀû ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö(Clinical dysfunction) 80
  º´º¯ À§Ä¡¿Í ÀÓ»ó Áõ»ó(Location of lesion and clinical signs) 82
  ¿ª¼³Àû ¾È¶ãÁúȯ(Paradoxical vestibular disease) 83
  ÁßÃ߾ȶãÁúȯ°ú ¸»ÃʾȶãÁúȯ °¨º°(Differentiating central versus peripheral vestibular disease) 83


Á¦9Àå »çÁöµ¿¹° ÀÚ¼¼¿Í ¿îµ¿(Posture and movement in quadrupeds) 85
¿µÀå·ù¿Í ºñ±³ÇÑ »çÁöµ¿¹° ¿îµ¿±â´É(Motor function in quadrupeds compared to primates) 85
  º¸Çà°ú µ¿ÀÛÀ» Çϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ½Å°æ ±â´É ÅëÇÕ (Integration of neural functions for locomotion and

   movement) 85
  º¹ÇÕÀûÀÎ ¿îµ¿ È°µ¿(Complex motor activity) 86
  ¹Ýº¹ÀûÀÎ ¿îµ¿°ú ÁßÃßÇൿ¾ç½Ä¹ß»ý±â(Repetitive movements and central pattern generators) 87
  ÃÖÁ¾ °øÅë ȸ·Î(The final common pathway) 87
½Å°æ°è »óÇÏÀ§ °è±Þü°è¿¡¼­ º´º¯À§Ä¡, ±×¸®°í ±× À§Ä¡°¡ À̵¿¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ÀÓ»óÀû ¿µÇâ(Lesion location in the
  hierarchy and its clinical effect on locomotion) 87
ÀÚ¼¼¿Í ¿îµ¿ Á¶Á¤(Orchestration of posture and movement) 89


Á¦10Àå ³ú½Å°æ(Cranial nerves) 91

±â´É¿¡ µû¸¥ ³ú½Å°æÇÙ ºÐ·ù(Functional classification of cranial nerve nuclei) 91
ÈÄ°¢(Olfaction) 93
½Ã°¢°ú µÑ°³ú½Å°æ ±â´É(Vision and CN ¥± functions) 95
  ÇغÎÇÐ(General anatomy) 95
  ½Ã°¢±³Â÷¿Í ±³Â÷(The optic chiasm and decussation) 95
  ½Ã°¢±³Â÷ ÀÌÈÄ ½Ã°¢°æ·Î(Post-chiasmatic visual pathways) 96
¾È±¸ À§Ä¡¿Í ¿îµ¿(Eyeball position and movement) 96
  ´«µ¹¸²½Å°æÇÙ[Oculomotor nucleus (CN ¥²)] 96
  µµ¸£·¡½Å°æÇÙ[Trochlear nucleus (CN ¥³)] 97
  °«µ¹¸²½Å°æÇÙ[Abducent nucleus (CN ¥µ)] 97
½Ã°¢¹Ý»ç(Visual reflexes) 97
  µ¿°ø¹Ý»ç[The pupillary light reflex(PLR)] 97
¾Ã±â±Ù ±â´É(Masticatory muscle function) 99
¸Ó¸® °¨°¢(Sensory input from the head) 99
»ïÂ÷½Å°æ °¨°¢ÇÙ(Sensory nucleus of CN V) 100
¾ó±¼Ç¥Á¤(Facial expression) 101
û·Â(Audition) 102
û°¢¹Ý»ç¿Í ³úÁÙ±âû°¢À¯¹ß¹ÝÀÀ(Auditory reflexes, and the brainstem auditory evoked response) 103
  û°¢¹Ý»ç(Acoustic reflexes) 103
  ³úÁÙ±âû°¢À¯¹ß¹ÝÀÀ[Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)] 104
±ÕÇü°ú ¾È¶ã°èÅë(Balance and the vestibular system) 104
ÀÎµÎ¿Í ³»Àå¿¡¼­ ¿À´Â ¹Ì°¢°ú °¨°¢(Taste and sensory input from the pharynx and viscera) 104
´«, ¸Ó¸®, ü°­ ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æºÐÆ÷(Parasympathetic innervation of the eye, head and body cavities) 105
  ´«µ¹¸²½Å°æºÎ±³°¨ÇÙ(Parasympathetic nucleus of the oculomotor nerve) 105
  ¾ó±¼½Å°æºÎ±³°¨ÇÙ(Parasympathetic nucleus of the facial nerve) 105
  ÇôÀενŰæºÎ±³°¨ÇÙ(Parasympathetic nucleus of the glossopharyngeal nerve) 105
  ¹ÌÁֽŰæºÎ±³°¨ÇÙ(Parasympathetic nucleus of the vagus nerve) 105
ÀεÎ, ÈĵÎ, ½Äµµ ½Å°æºÐÆ÷(Innervation of the pharynx, larynx and oesophagus) 105
Çô ±â´É(Tongue function) 107


Á¦11Àå Çൿ, °¨Á¤, °¢¼º(Behaviour, emotion and arousal) 109
Çൿ°ú °¨Á¤(Behaviour and emotion) 109
°¢¼º(Arousal) 109


Á¦12Àå ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°èÅë(Autonomic nervous system) 113
³»Àå¿îµ¿°èÅë ±¸ºÐ(Subdivisions of the visceral motor system) 113

ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ°èÅë: ÁßÃß±¸¼º¿ä¼Ò¿Í ¸»Ãʱ¸¼º¿ä¼Ò(ANS: Central components and peripheral components) 114
  ¸»ÃÊ 2´Ü°è ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ü°è(Two-neuron system in the periphery) 114
  ³»Àåµé½Å°æ°èÅë(Visceral afferent system) 115
  ³»À峯½Å°æ°èÅë: ±³°¨½Å°æ°èÅë/°¡½¿Ç㸮ºÎºÐ(Visceral efferent system: sympathetic/throacolumbar
   division of the visceral efferent system) 115
  ³»À峯½Å°æ°èÅë: ºÎ±³°¨½Å°æ°èÅë(Visceral efferent system: Parasympathetic system of the visceral
   efferent system) 117
  ´« ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ ºÐÆ÷(Autonomic innervation of the eye) 117
¹è¼³°èÅë(Elimination system) 119
  ¹æ±¤ ÀÚÀ²½Å°æºÐÆ÷(Autonomic innervation of the urinary bladder) 120
  ¹æ±¤ ±â´É(Urinary bladder function) 120
  ¹æ±¤ ºÐÆ÷ ½Å°æÀÇ ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö(Dysfunction of innervation of the urinary bladder) 121
  ¹èº¯(Defaecation) 122


Á¦13Àå ½Å°æÇÐÀû °Ë»ç¿Í º´º¯ À§Ä¡ °áÁ¤(The neurological examination and lesion localisation) 123
½Å°æÇÐÀû °Ë»ç(Neurological examination) 124
  °üÂû ´ë Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °Ë»ç(Observation versus handson testing) 124
  °íÀ¯°¨°¢°ú ¿îµ¿±â´É(Proprioception and motor function) 125
  ³ú½Å°æ ±â´É(Cranial nerve function) 126
Á÷Á¢ÀûÀÎ °Ë»ç(Hand-on testing) 126

  °íÀ¯°¨°¢°ú ¿îµ¿±â´É(Proprioception and motor function) 126
  ³ú½Å°æ(Cranial nerves) 128
  ±ÙÀ° ºÎÇÇ¿Í ±äÀåµµ(Muscle bulk and tone) 129
  ô¼ö¹Ý»ç(Spinal cord reflex) 129
  Åë°¢(Nociception) 130
  ôÁÖ¿Í Ã´¼ö Åë°¢°ú¹Î(Vertebral column and spinal cord hyperpathia) 132
  ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ ±â´É Æò°¡(Assessing autonomic function) 132
±â´ÉÀû ½Å°æ°èÅë Áöµµ(Functional road map of nervous system) 132
  ½Å°æÇÐÀû °Ë»ç °ü·Ã ÇغÎÇÐÀû ±âÃÊÁö½Ä: ¿äÁ¡ - ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ »çÇ×Àº °ü·Ã Àå ÂüÁ¶[Anatomical basis of
   the neurological examination: key points (see specific chapters for details)] 133
½Å°æÁöµµ: ½Å°æ°èÅë °³¿ä(The NeuroMap: Overview of the nervous system) 134
  ½Å°æÃà ³» ±â´É ¿ä¾à(Summary of functions in the neuraxis) 135
  ½Å°æÃà °¢ ºÎºÐº° ±â´ÉÀå¾Ö Áõ»ó(Signs of dysfunction in different regions of the neuraxis) 135
½Å°æÁöµµ: ô¼ö(The NeuroMap: The spinal cord) 136


ºÎ·Ï 137
Glossary of anatomical structures in the Appendix images 157


»öÀÎ 167









 
 
 
 
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