Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy in the Dog and Cat

ISBN : 9781957260846

Author/s : Andrea M. Pievaroli, Roberto Properzi, J. Brad Case, Francesco Collivignarelli

Release date : July 2023

Pages : 696

Binding : Hard cover

Dimensions : 22 X 28

Language : English

After the introduction in the 1980s of minimally invasive surgery in human medicine, laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery started to take hold also in veterinary medicine. Thanks to its reduced invasiveness and its fast post-operative recovery, minimally invasive surgery started to expand so quickly that nowadays it has become the preferred technique for many surgical procedures. Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy in the dog and cat is a comprehensive book that describe all the minimally invasive surgical procedures. The description of the various surgical steps is accompanied by a wide iconography, each chapter in fact illustrates with drawings and pictures the arrangement of the surgeons in the operating room and the positioning of portals to perform laparoscopic or thoracoscopic procedures. The book is also enriched by personal experiences of international authors who shared procedures still not described in the literature making the volume a must have practical book for practitioners aswell as experienced surgeons. For a better understanding the book includes videos of the described procedures available through QR codes on vetminimallyinvasivesurgery.edrapublishing.com.

Contents

Section I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

1. HISTORY OF VETERINARY MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY

Beagle ovariohysterectomy model

Open approach to the abdomen

Trocar and clip applier testing

Expansion of preclinical research and development

Early knowledge dissemination

Early clinical application

Veterinary Endoscopy Society

Advances in education

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES)

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery

Future of minimally invasive surgery in animals

2. LOW-IMPACT SURGERY

3. EQUIPMENT FOR MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY

Imaging systems

Light sources

Light transmitting cables

Camera control units and camera heads

Insufflators

Documentation units

Surgical monitors

Instrumentation

Electrosurgery units and vessel-sealing technology

Accessory devices

Surgical tables and racks

Other accessory units and devices for laparoscopy and thoracoscopy

4. OPERATING ROOM AND HYGIENE MEASURES

Considerations for a minimally invasive operating room

Basic ergonomic considerations

Operating room checklist

Preparation for open surgery

Hybrid rooms

Hygiene measures

Cleaning of hands

5. ERGONOMICS IN LAPAROSCOPY AND THORACOSCOPY

Domains of ergonomics

Operating room setup

Factors linked to musculoskeletal disorders

6. PRINCIPLES OF TRIANGULATION IN LAPAROSCOPY AND THORACOSCOPY

Mechanical constraints

Visual restrictions

Optimal position of the rigid endoscope (T1)

Optimal position of operative instruments (T2, T3)

Relationship between the endoscope and the working instruments

7. SINGLE-INCISION (SINGLE-PORT) LAPAROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE

Principles of single-port surgery

Instrumentation

Optics

Single-port access methods

Equipment-specific access methods

A. Insertion techniques for specifically manufactured single‐port devices

B. Insertion technique of standard trocars for single‐port entry

C. Innovative adaptations of existing equipment

8. LAPAROSCOPIC INTRACORPOREAL AND EXTRACORPOREAL SUTURING

Ergonomics

Instruments and equipment

Training in laparoscopic suturing

Suture materials

Types and patterns of laparoscopic suturing

Laparoscopic intracorporeal suturing

Laparoscopic extracorporeal suturing

Additional suturing and knot tying techniques

Robotic, articulated, and mechanical devices

How many turns and throws do I need?

Knot security in laparoscopic surgery

What is the best knotting configuration?

9. LEARNING AND ADVANCING MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY SKILLS

Basic psychomotor skills

Laparoscopic entry and basic procedure practice

Performing basic procedures in live animals

Advanced procedure training

10. INDOCYANINE GREEN INITIAL APPLICATIONS OF FLUORESCENCE-GUIDED SURGERY

Fundamentals of NIR/ICG

Imaging technology

Procedure principles

Clinical applications

Case examples

Section II. LAPAROSCOPY

11. ANESTHESIA IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY

Anesthetic management

Postoperative management

Complications

Clinical cases

11.1 Hypotension and bradycardia at pneumoperitoneum induction in a female dog

Samuele Venuta

12. PATIENT POSITIONING, ACCESS, PORT PLACEMENT, AND PNEUMOPERITONEUM IN LAPAROSCOPY

Patient positioning

Laparoscopic access and port placement

Pneumoperitoneum

13. COMPLICATIONS IN LAPAROSCOPY

Anatomical knowledge

Closed entry with the Veress needle technique

Open entry techniques

Laparoscopic access complications

Intraoperative complications and conversion to open techniques

Postoperative complications

14. EXPLORATORY AND DIAGNOSTIC LAPAROSCOPY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

A. Abdominal exploration

B. Liver and gallbladder evaluation and biopsy

C. Kidney and adrenal gland evaluation and biopsy

D. Pancreas evaluation and biopsy

E. Spleen evaluation and biopsy

F. Lymph node evaluation and biopsy

G. Gastrointestinal tract evaluation and biopsy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

14.1 Cisterna chyli ablation

14.2 Laparoscopic intraperitoneal foreign body retrieval (two-port technique)

14.3 Laparoscopic exploration in a cat

14.4 Laparoscopic treatment of hemoabdomen

14.5 Minimally invasive abdominal approach to subcostal foreign body removal

14.6 Laparoscopic repositioning of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter

14.7 Laparoscopic liver biopsy

15. LAPAROSCOPIC OVARIECTOMY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Two-port ovariectomy

B. Three-port ovariectomy

C. Single-port laparoscopic ovariectomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

15.1 Ovariectomy by transvaginal total NOTES.

15.2 Two-port laparoscopic ovariectomy in the cat

15.3 Laparoscopic ovariectomy in a dog with type III sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis

15.4 Laparoscopic ovariectomy in large- and giant-breed dogs

15.5 Two-port laparoscopic ovariectomy without ovary suspension suture in a female dog

15.6 Laparoscopic ovariectomy in an African lioness (Panthera leo) using a single-port multiple-access device

15.7 LESS ovariectomy using a simple handmade access device

16. LAPAROSCOPY FOR OVARIAN REMNANT SYNDROME

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

16.1 Ovarian remnant syndrome after laparoscopic ovariectomy in a cat

16.2 Ovarian remnant syndrome in a dog

17. LAPAROSCOPIC OVARIOHYSTERECTOMY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Two-port ovariohysterectomy

B. Three-port ovariohysterectomy

Laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy for ovarian or uterine pathologies

Postoperative management

18. LAPAROSCOPIC CRYPTORCHIDECTOMY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Two-port laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy

B. Single-port laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

18.1 Testicular torsion in a cryptorchid dog

18.2 Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy

19. LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED CYSTOSCOPY AND PERCUTANEOUS SUPRAPUBIC CYSTOSCOPY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Laparoscopic-assisted cystoscopy

B. Percutaneous suprapubic cystoscopy or percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCL)

C. Single-port percutaneous cystolithotomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

19.1 Percutaneous cystoscopic cystolithotomy in a Yorkshire Terrier

19.2 Laparoscopic-assisted cystostomy in a Chihuahua

20. LAPAROSCOPIC CYSTOTOMY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

21. LAPAROSCOPIC CYSTOPEXY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

22. LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED VASOPEXY

Patient preparation and positioning

Three-port laparoscopic-assisted vasopexy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

22.1 Laparoscopic reversible neutering in a dog

23. LAPAROSCOPIC URETERONEPHRECTOMY

Roberto Properzi

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

23.1 Laparoscopic omentalization of a renal cyst

23.2 Laparoscopic perinephric pseudocyst resection

23.3 Laparoscopic renal cyst deroofing, fulguration, and omentalization

24. CURRENT CONCEPTS IN MINIMALLY INVASIVE NEPHROLITHOTOMY

Described surgical procedures

Patient selection

Equipment

Operating room layout

Modified surgical-assisted nephrolithotomy technique

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

24.1 Nephron-sparing nephrotomy to remove large uroliths in dogs

24.2 Nephron-sparing nephrotomy for the treatment of Dioctophyme renale parasitosis

25. LAPAROSCOPIC APPROACH TO URETEROLITHIASIS

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

25.1 Ureterotomy for stone removal

26. LAPAROSCOPIC NEOURETEROCYSTOSTOMY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

26.1 Laparoscopy-assisted cutaneous ureterostomy (LACU) in a canine patient with prostatic carcinoma

27. LAPAROSCOPIC ARTIFICIAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER (AUS) IMPLANTATION

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

28. LAPAROSCOPIC PROSTATECTOMY

Felipe Lillo, Francesco Collivignarelli

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

29. LAPAROSCOPIC OMENTALIZATION OF PARAPROSTATIC CYSTS

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

29.1 Omentalization of a prostatic abscess

29.2 Omentalization of a paraprostatic cyst in a dog

30. LAPAROSCOPIC GASTROPEXY AND LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED GASTROPEXY

Described surgical procedures

A. Intracorporeal laparoscopic gastropexy I

B. Intracorporeal laparoscopic gastropexy II

C. Laparoscopic-assisted gastropexy

D. Single-port laparoscopic-assisted incisional gastropexy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

30.1 Total laparoscopic sutureless gastropexy with absorbable straps in dogs

30.2 Intracorporeally sutured laparoscopic gastropexy using an abdominal wall incision made at right angles to the rotation direction of the suturing needle

30.3 Laparoscopic gastropexy in a dog

30.4 Total laparoscopic gastropexy (two-port technique using Endostitch)

30.5 Treatment of lower esophageal sphincter incompetence in a cat using total laparoscopic gastropexy

31. LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED GASTROTOMY

Patient preparation and positioning

A. Two-port laparoscopic-assisted gastrotomy

B. Single-port laparoscopic-assisted gastrotomy

Postoperative management

32. SINGLE-PORT LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED INTESTINAL SURGERY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

33. LAPAROSCOPIC-ASSISTED COLOPEXY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Two-port laparoscopic-assisted colopexy

B. Three-port laparoscopic-assisted colopexy and vasopexy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

33.1 Totally laparoscopic colopexy in a cat

33.2 Laparoscopic colopexy and ovariectomy in a dog

34. LAPAROSCOPIC LIVER SURGERY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Right medial hepatectomy in a cat using a bipolar sealing device

B. Laparoscopic partial left lateral hepatectomy

C. Laparoscopic partial left medial hepatectomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

34.1 Laparoscopic excisional liver biopsy in a dog

34.2 Laparoscopic excision of a hepatic cyst and omentopexy in a Persian cat

35. LAPAROSCOPIC MICROWAVE ABLATION OF THE LIVER

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

36. LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

A. Dissection from the cystic duct

B. Dissection from the apex of the gallbladder

C. Intraoperative cholangiogram

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

36.1 Single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy technique in dogs

36.2 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and intraoperative bile duct flushing for extrahepatic biliary obstruction in a dog

36.3 Cholecystectomy and bile duct flushing

36.4 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a dog using the subserosal layer dissection technique

36.5 Cholecystectomy

36.6 Cholecystectomy by three-port access and “cold” dissection

36.7 Cholecystectomy in a dog

36.8 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a dog

36.9 Fundus-first cholecystectomy

37. LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF EXTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT

A. Laparoscopic treatment of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with cellophane band

B. Laparoscopic treatment of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with ameroid constrictor

Clinical cases

37.1 Splenocaval shunt

37.2 Laparoscopic attenuation of a splenophrenic shunt in a dog

37.3 Laparoscopic attenuation of a splenocaval shunt in a dog

37.4 Laparoscopic attenuation of a left intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a cat

37.5 Laparoscopic portosystemic shunt attenuation in a dog

38. LAPAROSCOPIC PANCREATIC SURGERY

S. A. van Nimwegen, F. O. Buishand, J. Kirpensteijn

Described surgical procedures

A. Three-port pancreatic biopsy

B. Three-port excision of pancreatic lesions, excluding lesions in the distal left pancreatic lobe

C. Three-port excision of pancreatic lesions in the distal left pancreatic lobe

D. Laparoscopic approach for insulinoma going beyond the pancreas

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

38.1 Pancreatectomy in a case of insulinoma

38.2 Laparoscopic right lateral pancreatic lobectomy in a dog

38.3 Laparoscopic omentalization of a pancreatic cyst in a cat

39. LAPAROSCOPIC SPLENECTOMY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

A. Multiport laparoscopic splenectomy

B. Single-incision laparoscopic splenectomy

C. Laparoscopic-assisted splenectomy

D. Hand-assisted splenectomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

39.1 Laparoscopic splenectomy in a small dog

39.2 Splenectomy

39.3 Laparoscopic splenectomy for hemangiosarcoma

40. LAPAROSCOPIC ADRENALECTOMY

Francesco Collivignarelli, Felipe Lillo

Endocrine testing

Diagnostic imaging

Described surgical procedures

A. Adrenalectomy in sternal recumbency

B. Adrenalectomy in lateral recumbency

Postoperative management

C. Retroperitoneal adrenalectomy

Clinical cases

40.1 Right laparoscopic adrenalectomy

40.2 Laparoscopic right adrenalectomy for adrenal adenocarcinoma in a dog

40.3 Right adrenalectomy in a Yorkshire Terrier dog

40.4 Left adrenalectomy in a dog

40.5 Laparoscopic right adrenalectomy

41. LAPAROSCOPIC DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIORRHAPHY

Described surgical procedures

A. Three-port laparoscopic diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy

B. Three-port gasless laparoscopic diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

41.1 Diaphragmatic hernia in a cat

42. LAPAROSCOPIC HIATAL HERNIORRHAPHY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

43. LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIORRHAPHY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

43.1 Laparoscopic-assisted percutaneous herniorrhaphy in dogs using the PIRS technique and laparoscopic ovariectomy

Przemysław Przadka, Bartłomiej Liszka, Agnieszka Antończyk, Zdzisław Kiełbowicz, Dariusz Patkowski

43.2 Laparoscopic-assisted percutaneous inguinal herniorrhaphy

F. Martínez Gomariz, C. Sánchez, J. D. Carrillo

44. LAPAROSCOPIC PERINEAL HERNIORRHAPHY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

45. LAPAROSCOPIC PERITONEOPERICARDIAL HERNIORRHAPHY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

45.1 Laparoscopic treatment of peritoneal- pericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a puppy dog

45.2 Laparoscopic repair of pericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a dog

Section III. THORACOSCOPY

46. ANESTHESIA IN THORACOSCOPY

Indications for thoracoscopic procedures

Patient selection

Preoperative work-up

Patient stabilization

Patient preparation and positioning

Anesthesia

Analgesia

Visualization of the surgical field and lung separation

Pathophysiology of one-lung ventilation

Management of ventilation

Complications during one-lung ventilation

Monitoring

3

Postoperative complications

Postoperative management

47. PATIENT POSITIONING, ACCESS, AND PORT PLACEMENT IN THORACOSCOPY

Patient positioning

Thoracoscopic access and port placement

48. CONTRAINDICATIONS AND COMPLICATIONS IN THORACOSCOPY

Strategic avoidance of complications

Most frequent complications

Monitoring for complications

49. EXPLORATORY AND DIAGNOSTIC THORACOSCOPY

A. Thoracoscopic exploration

B. Thoracic biopsy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

49.1 Thoracoscopy in combination with digestive endoscopy for the diagnosis of intrathoracic neoformations

49.2 Gunshot wound to the chest cavity in a dog

50. THORACOSCOPIC PERICARDIECTOMY

A. Pericardial window in dorsal recumbency

B. Pericardial window in lateral recumbency

C. Subtotal pericardiectomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

50.1 Two-port thoracoscopic pericardiectomy as a novel technique in flat-chested dogs with reduced thoracic working spaces

50.2 Thoracoscopic subphrenic (subtotal) pericardiectomy

51. THORACOSCOPIC THORACIC DUCT LIGATION FOR TREATMENT OF CHYLOTHORAX

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

51.1 Bilateral en bloc thoracic duct ligation in combination with pericardiectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for idiopathic chylothorax in a dog

51.2 Thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation for idiopathic chylothorax

51.3 Thoracic duct ligation and pericardiectomy in a cat with chylothorax

51.4 Thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation and methylene blue coloration of mesenteric lymph nodes to confirm occlusion

51.5 Endoscopic-assisted surgery for idiopathic chylothorax in a domestic shorthair cat

51.6 Chylothorax associated with a peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia in a dog

52. THORACOSCOPIC APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF PYOTHORAX

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

53. THORACOSCOPIC LUNG LOBECTOMY

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

A. Thoracoscopic lung lobectomy

B. Thoracoscopically assisted lung lobectomy

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

53.1 Hilar lung lobectomy

53.2 Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery pulmonary lobectomy

53.3 Thoracoscopic lung lobectomy for lung lobe torsion

Roberto Bussadori, Deborah De Bastiani

53.4 Thoracoscopic lobectomy of the right middle lung lobe in a dog

54. THORACOSCOPIC APPROACH TO VASCULAR RING ANOMALIES

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

54.1 Thoracoscopic approach combined with esophagoscopy for the surgical correction of a persistent right aortic arch

55. THORACOSCOPIC APPROACH TO MEDIASTINAL MASS EXCISION

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

55.1 Thoracoscopic mediastinal lymph node excision

55.2 Thoracoscopic treatment in a cat with thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis

55.3 Thoracoscopic resection of a cranial mediastinal mass in a dog

55.4 Thoracoscopic excision of a mediastinal ectopic thyroid carcinoma

56. THORACOSCOPIC AURICULECTOMY

Described surgical procedures

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

56.1 Thoracoscopic right auricular tumor excision using a four-port technique

56.2 Surgical variation on auricular mass removal technique

57. THORACOSCOPIC FOREIGN BODY REMOVAL

Diagnosis

Preoperative considerations

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

58. THORACOSCOPIC PLACEMENT OF EPICARDIAL PACEMAKERS

Patient preparation and positioning

Operating room layout

Port placement

Procedure

Postoperative management

59. THORACOSCOPIC-ASSISTED PLEURAL PORT PLACEMENT

A. Pleural port placement following pericardiectomy

B. Pleural port placement for the management of malignant thoracic effusion

Postoperative management

Clinical cases

59.1 Pleural port implantation for the management of malignant pleural effusion due to metastatic mammary carcinoma in a dog

Author

Andrea M. Pievaroli

Andrea M. Pievaroli graduated in 1992 from Università degli Studi in Milan.Since 1993 he has worked in Rome in a private referral clinic, mainly dealing with soft tissue surgery, minimally invasive surgery and orthopedics. He spent periods at the College of Veterinary Medicine of Michigan State University (USA), the College of Veterinary Medicine of Texas A&M University (USA), and the Animal Medical Center (NY, USA). Since 2000 he is particularly experienced in minimally invasive endoscopic surgery (Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy), cystoscopy and other endoscopic techniques. He is an instructor for minimally invasive endoscopic courses and has presented at national and international congresses and events. He is a member and liaison of VES (Veterinary Endoscopy Society) and secretary of SICMIV (Italian Society of Veterinary Mini-Invasive Surgery).

Roberto Properzi

Roberto Properzi is the author of several scientific articles, mainly in the surgical field.

He has presented numerous dissertations at specialized international conferences organized by VES, SICV, SIOVET, SICEV, SLEV, ASAEE and EVENDOC. He participated in four courses in Caceres (Spain) at the CCMIJU (Jesus Uson Minimally Invasive Surgery Center), in June 2009 and January 2011 as a student, in 2018 and 2022 as an instructor. He was a lecturer at the Master of Surgery in the years 2021-2022, at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Teramo. He mainly practices orthopedic and minimally invasive surgery and is particularly keen on laparoscopy, thoracoscopy and arthroscopy. He is an associate member of the following organizations: VES, ASAEE, EVENDOC, MINIMAL, SIOVET, SICV, SICMIV, SITOV, ESVOT, SLEV and SICEV. His hobbies are both the mountain, where he practices ski mountaineering and the sea, which sets sail with his motorboat. He loves beautiful company too.

J. Brad Case

J. Brad Case is a Professor of Small Animal, Minimally Invasive and Soft Tissue Surgery at the University of Florida. He obtained his DVM degree from The University of California, Davis. He did an internship in medicine and surgery at Texas A&M University. He then went on to complete a surgery residency and Master’s degree at Colorado State University. He has been a surgeon at the University of Florida since 2011. During this time, he has trained multiple surgery residents and minimally invasive surgery fellows. He has developed a vascular interventional service after training with University of Florida interventional radiologists. His translational research has been funded by the NIH and the Society of Thoracic surgeons which has led to the development of devices and procedures intended for use in humans with cardiovascular disease.

Francesco Collivignarelli

Francesco Collivignarelli graduated at the University of Perugia and started a Master’ s degree in Oncology and Oncologic Surgery at the University of Pisa and and a PhD from the University of Teramo. He did an Internship in Soft Tissue Surgery at University of Bristol Prof. Peter Holt (ECVS). After that he gained a fellowship in Oncologic Surgery at University of Torino under the supervision of Prof. Paolo Buracco (ECVS). He is the coauthor and collaborator of the book Advances in Small Animal Care vol.1 (Elsevier 2020). And also the author and coauthor of many scientific studies and scientific papers. He is often invited as guest speaker at national and international meetings. Since 2020° is the contract Professor at Master of Small Animal Surgery University of Teramo. He i s also a Lecturer at the Master of Diagnostic Image University of Teramo (2020 to date).Currenly is working as surgeon at Teaching Hospital at University of Teramo, and at AniCura at Policlinico Roma Sud. His field of interest are sentinel lymph node, minimally invasive surgery, oncologic surgery, cardiovascular surgery, oromaxillofacial oncologic surgery. He is the secretary of AIVPA, SICEV Italian associations for small animal. Professional CCR Diver