Textbook of Small Animal Pathophysiology

Stephan Neumann 

ISBN: 9781119824619

August 2024

Wiley-Blackwell

560 pages

Description

The comprehensive overview of the essential discipline of pathophysiology in small animal disease

Textbook of Small Animal Pathophysiology provides a complete and accessible overview of disease mechanisms and pathophysiological consequences in the field of small animal medicine. The text focuses on the relationship between pathophysiology and disease of any etiology to aid better diagnostics and targeted therapy.

The text includes general pathophysiology of key organ systems such as cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, neural, and more. Core information such as diagnostic methods and therapeutic options is presented in tabular form and clear full-color illustrations are featured throughout to aid in seamless reader comprehension.

Written by a highly qualified professional with significant firsthand experience in the field, Textbook of Small Animal Pathophysiology includes information on:

• Common pathological mechanisms, such as inflammation, sepsis and cytokine storm, fibrosis, degeneration, obesity, ischemia, hypoxia, cell death, apoptosis, necrosis, neoplasia, infection, ageing and pain

• General clinical manifestations, like abdominal enlargement, ataxia, constipation, cough, diarrhea, dyschezia, dysphagia, dyspnea, effusion, fatigue, fever, inappetence, jaundice, oedema, polyphagia, pruritus, regurgitation, seizure, shock, syncope, urinary disorders, vomitus, and weight loss

• Pathophysiology of organ systems cardiac system, hypertension, respiratory system, gastrointestinal system, hepatobiliary system, exocrine pancreas, urinary system, electrolyte system and acid-base balance, endocrine system, reproduction system, nerve system, joints, haematology and infectious diseases

Written to be a complete resource on the subject, Textbook of Small Animal Pathophysiology enables its readers to develop a clear understanding of how each disease works in order to improve decision making and patient outcomes. It is essential reading for veterinary students and a highly useful reference for small animal clinicians.

Table of Contents

Preface x

Abbreviations xii

Part I General Pathological Mechanisms 1

1 Inflammation 3

2 Sepsis and Cytokine Storm 14

3 Fibrosis 19

4 Degeneration 24

5 Obesity 27

6 Ischaemia, Hypoxia 32

7 Cell Death 36

8 Neoplasia 40

9 Infections 46

10 Ageing 53

11 Pain 58

12 Hypothalamus Function 61

Part II General Clinical Manifestations (Alphabetical) 65

13 Abdominal Enlargement 67

14 Ataxia 70

15 Constipation 74

16 Cough 78

17 Diarrhoea 81

18 Dyschezia 87

19 Dysphagia 90

20 Dyspnoea 93

21 Effusions 97

22 Fatigue 104

23 Fever 106

24 Inappetence 110

25 Jaundice 113

26 Oedema 116

27 Polyphagia 119

28 Pruritus 122

29 Regurgitation 124

30 Seizure 126

31 Shock 130

32 Syncope 133

33 Urinary Disorders 138

34 Vomiting 143

35 Weight Loss 147

Part III Pathophysiology of Organ Systems 151

36 Cardiac System, Hypertension 153

36.1 Physiological Functions and General Pathophysiology of Organ Insufficiency 153

36.2 Congenital Cardiac Diseases 161

36.3 Atrioventricular Valvular Diseases 167

36.4 Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic 172

36.5 Cardiomyopathy, Dilated 176

36.6 Heart Arrhythmia 181

36.7 Pericardial Disease 184

36.8 Hypertension 190

37 Respiratory System 195

37.1 Physiological Functions and General Pathophysiology of Organ Insufficiency 195

37.2 Brachiocephalic Syndrome 200

37.3 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 203

37.4 Asthma (Feline Lower Respiratory Tract Disease) 207

37.5 Chronic Obstructive Bronchitis 210

37.6 Pneumonia 21

37.7 Idiopathic Lung Fibrosis 217

38 Gastrointestinal System 220

38.1 Physiological Functions and General Pathophysiology of Organ Insufficiency 220

38.2 Megaoesophagus 226

38.3 Gastritis/Ulceration 229

38.4 Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus Syndrome 233

38.5 Enteritis/Inflammatory Bowel Disease 237

38.6 Intestinal Lymphangiectasias 243

38.7 Intestinal Obstruction 249

39 Hepatobiliary System 253

39.1 Physiological Functions and General Pathophysiology of Organ Insufficiency 253

39.2 Acute Hepatic Failure 261

39.3 Chronic Hepatitis; Liver Fibrosis and Cirrhosis 266

39.4 Portosystemic Shunts/Hepatoencephalopathy 272

39.5 Feline Hepatic Lipidosis 277

39.6 Cholangiohepatitis 280

40 Exocrine Pancreas 284

40.1 Physiological Functions and General Pathophysiology of Organ Insufficiency 284

40.2 Acute Pancreatitis 287

40.3 Chronic Pancreatitis 292

40.4 Exocrine Pancreas Insufficiency 296

41 Urinary System 300

41.1 Physiological Functions of the Kidneys and General Pathophysiology of Organ Insufficiency 300

41.2 Glomerulonephritis/Nephrotic Syndrome 305

41.3 Tubular Disease/Fanconi Syndrome 310

41.4 Acute Renal Failure 313

41.5 Chronic Kidney Disease 321

41.6 Urinary Tract Infection 327

41.7 Urolithiasis 330

42 Electrolyte System and Acid-Base Balance 335

42.1 Acid-Base Balance 335

42.2 Hypo-/Hypernatraemia 340

42.3 Hypo-/Hyperkalaemia 344

43 Endocrine System 349

43.1 General Physiology 349

43.2 Pituitary Gland 352

43.2.1 Acromegaly 352

43.2.2 Pituitary Dwarfism 356

43.2.3 Diabetes Insipidus 359

43.3 Thyroid Gland 362

43.3.1 Physiology of the Thyroid Gland 362

43.3.2 Hyperthyroidism 365

43.3.3 Hypothyroidism 369

43.4 Parathyroid Gland 374

43.5 Endocrine Pancreas 379

43.5.1 Physiology of Endocrine Pancreas 379

43.5.2 Diabetes Mellitus 382

43.5.3 Diabetic Ketoacidosis 387

43.5.4 Insulinoma 390

43.6 Adrenal Gland 393

43.6.1 Physiology of the Adrenal Gland 393

43.6.2 Hyperadrenocorticism 397

43.6.3 Hypoadrenocorticism 402

43.6.4 Hyperaldosteronism 405

43.6.5 Pheochromocytoma 409

44 Reproduction System 413

44.1 Pyometra 413

44.2 Prostate Diseases 417

45 Nerve System 420

45.1 Brain Tumours 420

45.2 Idiopathic Epilepsy 423

45.3 Intervertebral Disc Disease 426

45.4 Peripheral Neuropathy 429

46 Joints 431

46.1 Arthritis 431

46.2 Osteoarthritis 434

47 Haematology 437

47.1 Physiological Functions of Red Blood Cells 437

47.2 Erythrocytosis 441

47.3 Anaemia 444

47.4 Coagulation Disorders 450

47.5 Hypercoagulability 454

48 Infectious Diseases 457

48.1 Feline 457

48.1.1 Feline Leukaemia Virus Infection 457

48.1.2 Feline Infectious Peritonitis 461

48.1.3 Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection 466

48.2 Canine 471

48.2.1 Distemper 471

48.2.2 Canine Parvovirus 475

48.3 Bacterial Diseases 480

48.3.1 Anaplasmosis 480

48.3.2 Borreliosis 484

48.3.3 Ehrlichiosis 488

48.3.4 Leptospirosis 491

48.4 Protozoal Infections 495

48.4.1 Babesiosis 495

48.4.2 Giardiasis 499

48.4.3 Leishmaniasis 503

49 Common Immune-mediated Diseases 507

49.1 Autoimmunity 507

49.2 Lupus Erythematosus 510

49.3 Myasthenia Gravis 514

50 Common Clinical Biochemical Parameters (Alphabetical) 517

50.1 Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 517

50.2 Albumin 518

50.3 Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 520

50.4 Ammonia 522

50.5 Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) 523

50.6 Bile Acids 524

50.7 Bilirubin 525

50.8 Calcium 526

50.9 Cholesterol 528

50.10 Creatinine 529

50.11 Creatine Kinase 530

50.12 Glucose 531

50.13 Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) 532

50.14 Lipase 533

50.15 Phosphorus 534

50.16 Potassium 535

50.17 Sodium 537

50.18 Total Protein 539

50.19 Urea 541

Index 542

About the Author

Stephan Neumann Prof. Dr. med. vet. is Clinical Director of the Small Animal Clinic and apl. Prof. at the University of Göttingen, Germany.